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              <text>FALL ANV WINTER SATURVAY PROGRAMS&#13;
&#13;
Starting in November, the shul will begin a new program of Shabbat activities on Saturday&#13;
mornings and afternoons.&#13;
&#13;
The first Saturday in each month, Shabbat services will be held at 10:30 AM. The tone&#13;
will be intimate and joyous, similar to our Yorn Tov morning services, with singing, readings,&#13;
and a Torah Service. At 12:00 noon, we will share a Shabbat kiddush.&#13;
&#13;
On the third Saturday of the month, an afternoon discussion group will be held, on topics&#13;
of lively interest to all. The discussions beginning at 1:30 PM will be informal, lasting&#13;
for approximately two hours. A shaleshudis (Sabbath meal) will follow. The afternoons&#13;
will end with Havdallah at around 5:00.&#13;
&#13;
The first Shabbat morning service will take place Saturday, November 5, at 10:30 AM.&#13;
The first discussion session will be held Saturday, November 19, at 1:30 PM. The topic&#13;
will be that old favorite, Gay Morality. All views will be entertained.</text>
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                <text>The November 1977 newsletter announced a monthly program to extend the Shabbat experience throughout the day. </text>
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              <text>CHARLESTON, S.C. (AP) - Writer Gordon Langley Hall, adopted son of Dame Margaret Rutherford, has changed his sex through an operation and is planning to marry a South Carolina Negro man - with the approval of most of his British family.&#13;
...&#13;
&#13;
Miss Hall said she and Simmons "are already married by common law" and had planned a ceremony Dec. 1 at a Negro Baptist Church where his father is a deacon. But they dropped that plan, she said, after threats that the church would be bombed.</text>
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                <text>The Associated Press.  "Man Who Changed Sex to Wed Negro."  Clipping.  1968.  Digital Transgender Archive,  https://www.digitaltransgenderarchive.net/files/8910jt737  (accessed December 05, 2022).</text>
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                <text>The New York Times, May 19, 1935&#13;
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&#13;
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&#13;
"Shout the victory": The history of Father Divine and the Peace Mission Movement, 1879-1942&#13;
Watts, Jill Marie.   University of California, Los Angeles ProQuest Dissertations Publishing,  1989. 8922222.&#13;
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              <text>Father Rich Rasi&#13;
&#13;
Catholic&#13;
&#13;
Massachusetts&#13;
&#13;
In 1997, I traveled from Ohio to my hometown in Massachusetts to attend my first DignityUSA Convention. Every attendee was given a stole, and each of us was asked to vest and be vested by another attendee. I was standing next to an imposing stranger who vested me. That stranger turned out to be Father Rich Rasi, a well-known figure in the Dignity community. I felt honored when I learned that Rich had been a presider for Dignity/Boston liturgies for twenty years, and was a co-founder of Dignity/Provincetown.&#13;
&#13;
Unfortunately, Rich died in 2002, but he left behind many whom he had inspired to live "passionate and honest lives".&#13;
&#13;
 – Paul Keaveney&#13;
&#13;
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              <text>Friends Home Service Committee&#13;
Friends House&#13;
Euston Road&#13;
London  N.W.1&#13;
&#13;
20th February, 1963&#13;
&#13;
TO: Members of the Executive &amp; Finance Committee&#13;
and the Working Group on Extension Matters.&#13;
&#13;
Dear Friend,&#13;
&#13;
After consultation with the Deputy Chairman of General Committee and the Chairman of the Executive Committee it has been decided to call a special meeting of the above two committees on Thursday, February 28th, at 5 p.m., in Room 37 at Friends House, to consider what responsibility we may have to help those embers of the Society who are perturbed by the publication of the essay, "Towards a Quaker View of Sex", and by the publicity it has aroused. The Chairman of the Literature Committee and the Chairman of the group of Friends responsible for the publication of the essay have also been invited to attend.&#13;
&#13;
As some Friends may have other previous engagements immediately before the meeting tea will be served at 5 p.m. We are sorry for this short notice, but we hope that as many members of the groups as possible will be able to attend.&#13;
&#13;
In case you have not seen the essay a copy is enclosed.&#13;
&#13;
Yours sincerely,&#13;
George H. Gorman&#13;
General Secretary&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
The Friend&#13;
March 8, 1963&#13;
&#13;
Publications Procedure to Be Re-Examined&#13;
&#13;
The following minute was received from the executive Committee of the Friends Home Service Committee:&#13;
&#13;
"The Executive Committee of the Home Service Committee has met with a number of Friends connected with its literature and extension work and with the chairman of the group that prepared the essay Towards a Quaker View of Sex in an an endeavor to see whether anything helpful might be said to Meeting for Sufferings in face of the criticism levelled against the essay and the unhappiness which many Friends are feeling.&#13;
&#13;
We recognize that the publication of the essay under the imprint of this Committee gives rise to misunderstanding, but it has for many years been our practice to publish papers written by concerned Friends or groups of Friends and it was, therefore, natural for this particular group to approach the Committee. We on our part were glad, recognizing the depth of their concern, to undertake the publication and we feel that publication on any other basis would not have prevented confusion in the public mind. The clear statement that the essay does not embody the official view of the Society has been generally accepted in Press comments as well as in the television broadcast.&#13;
&#13;
We recognize also that the timing of the broadcast, which was initiated by the BBC, was unfortunate and that distress was caused to many Friends by its taking place before the essay was published.&#13;
&#13;
In light of this experience the Committee proposes to re-examine its policy in regard to its publications and the questions of publicity which arise in relation to them and will report to Meeting for Sufferings in due course if so desired.  Meanwhile, we hope that Friends will read the essay carefully, recognising that it is the outcome of prayerful con-&#13;
&#13;
___________________________&#13;
CENTRAL OFFICES OF THE SOCIETY OF FRIENDS&#13;
FRIENDS HOUSE, EUSTON ROAD, LONDON, N.W. 1&#13;
&#13;
To member of Meeting for Sufferings&#13;
and Elders who regularly attend&#13;
&#13;
At a Meeting for Sufferings&#13;
held in London&#13;
1st March 1963&#13;
&#13;
Minute 6: "Towards a Quaker View of Sex"&#13;
&#13;
The attached Minute is received from the Home Service Committee, and Derek Crosfield has spoken to it. The Home Service Committee has from time to time issued pamphlets on subjects of interest to Friends and enquirers, and has not in general submitted these before publication to a representative body of Friends. The essay "Towards a Quaker View of Sex" is the work of a serious, informed and responsible group of Friends working under sincere concern; its publication by the Home Service Committee and the use of the word "Quaker" in the title have given the impression to many that the views of the group are the views of the Society. The publication has attracted immense publicity, some frivolous but much serious, including warm commendation and strong criticism. Many Friends have been deeply distressed by the publication in this way of so controversial an essay without adequate consultation, and by the resulting publicity.&#13;
&#13;
We accept the offer of the Home Service Committee to reconsider their procedure in sponsoring publications and to report to us at a later meeting.&#13;
&#13;
Stephen C. Morland&#13;
Clerk this time&#13;
Stephen Thorne (signature)&#13;
Recording Clerk&#13;
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                <text>Reproduced by permission of&lt;em&gt; The Friend&lt;/em&gt;, March 8, 1963, p. 271; and HSC Quaker Group on Homosexuality records, Friends House, London</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Death Still Lurks&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Any major fire where there are many lives lost, like the New Orleans tragedy, inevitably sets people to thinking about their own safety in places that they frequent.  And not without cause.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Many businesses are in old buildings never meant for the purposes they are now serving. Many have undergone “remodeling” that has obscured or completely covered exits. Many are so carelessly run that stacks of beer cases and other junk permanently obstructs exits.  Some very popular bars are regularly overcrowded far beyond the danger point, the owners being unwilling to give up even a few bucks for the safety of their patrons—who are really the owners’ meal tickets.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The editor of this newspaper and a friend, not very long ago, went one Saturday in Los Angeles to a new, very popular gay dance hall that also has a lounge with entertainment. The place was jammed and they were still letting people in—at a buck a head. We squirmed through the lobby area and forced our way into the dance area. The large dance floor was packed; the area surrounding the floor was packed.  We threaded our way through a mass of people and back to the lobby area. People were still being admitted—at a buck a head. We finally located the nightclub-lounge portion of the premises, squeezed past people filling the stairs down into it, forced our way to the bar, had a beer and bulldozed our way out of the building. They were still letting people in—at a buck a head.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Some people might say, “Sounds like fun!” We thought, even months before the lesson in New Orleans, that if there were a fire or other emergency in that place, hundreds would die. We have not gone back to that establishment since.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The best line of defense are the patrons of each establishment. Look around the next time you go into your favorite gay bistro, especially if it is a popular, crowded one. Are exits clearly marked; are they unobstructed and unlocked; are there enough of them for the size of the place? Are there inflammable decorations hanging everywhere? If you see anything that looks dangerous to you, send the owner a short letter; give him a chance to correct the situation; tell him you will inform the fire department if he doesn’t. And if he persists and doesn’t care about your safety, you don’t care to spend your money there!&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Owners and managers of bars, clubs and baths, for their part, should immediately inspect their premises for any dangerous conditions or deficiencies and should correct any that are found without delay. It is just good sense. It is only common decency. It is the very least we can learn from the deaths in New Orleans.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;During its reporting on the Upstairs Lounge Fire, the national gay newsmagazine, &lt;em&gt;The Advocate&lt;/em&gt;, publishes an editorial noting potential fire dangers in many gay bars, clubs and bathhouses.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;The Advocate&lt;/em&gt;, August 1, 1973</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No Mardi Gras Magic&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gay Community Surfaces in Tragedy of N.O. Fire&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;National Leaders Help City’s Awareness &lt;/strong&gt;by Joan Treadway (First of a Series)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;There is a submerged subculture in New Orleans which the city for some time has tried to suppress, then ignored and now is being forced to acknowledge as its own—for better or for worse—largely as a result of one tragedy.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;That tragedy was a fire in a French Quarter bar two and one half months ago which claimed 32 lives and altered an unknown number of other lives. The bar was publicly identified as a homosexual hangout also frequented by heterosexuals.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;From this point on, people across the country and New Orleanians themselves were confronted with the fact that the city has an active homosexual community which does not magically appear on Mardi Gras, but which exists year-round.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; The community itself gained a greater degree of self-awareness and began to surface amidst the general population. Acting as catalysts in this process were nationally-known gay liberation leaders who arrived in the city soon after the fire.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Morty Manford, a prime mover in the Gay Activists Alliance in New York, commented here, “One person said to me ‘Have you heard all the thuds this week? All the closet doors are falling (referring to the “coming  out” of hidden homosexuals).’”&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Many homosexuals who have stopped hiding are members of the New Orleans Gay  People’s Coalition which was formed after the fire. One such person is Chris Gamble, 27, who has been in this city for over two years.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;“I think there was a pretty dramatic change after the fire,” he said. “Before, everyone was in a little world of complacency. The attitude was ‘They don’t hassle us too much.’ I don’t feel this is enough.”&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Homosexuals across the country are having problems existing from day to day, Gamble said.  Their problems include lack of job security, the threat of blackmail and of physical violence simply because they are gay, he said.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;These problems exist in New Orleans, he said, “but they are not as bad as other cities. The general French Quarter life lends itself to a more live-and-let-live attitude that is found in other cities of comparable size.”&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Quarter is the local center for homosexuals, though a lot of gay couples buy subdivision homes, said another Coalition leader, Lucien Baril, also the newly appointed worship coordinator for the Metropolitan Community Church.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Baril took over the church June 25, one day after the fire in which the last minister died.  The Coalition was begun, he said, because shortly after the fire the basic need for solidarity and unity in the gay community became evident.    &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The “powers that be,” he said, seemed to ignore the tragedy, even though so many lives were lost.  The attitude which came across to the homosexual community , he said, was that those who died were “just a bunch of faggots.”&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Coalition was started as a “consciousness-raising group to help people get over the depression of feeling ‘Well, I’m gay; I’m not worth anything,’ and to help realize themselves as human beings,” he said.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The organization is also in the process of setting up to what amounts to separate social services for local homosexuals, he said. The Coalition’s health committee has already opened a homosexual venereal disease clinic at 1150 N. Rampart St.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Manford observed, “Gay people get venereal disease as much as non-gays, and often, they feel intimidated going in a public clinic. They don’t know the doctor’s attitude or if their records will get back to their families or employers.”&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Baril said another Coalition committee is in the process of training Coalition volunteers to provide counseling services to any homosexuals who want to talk out their problems. This project will include establishment of a switchboard.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The aim of the counseling won’t be to “convert” people from homosexuality to heterosexuality, Baril stressed. “Conversion from basic homosexuality is conceivable, but it’s not likely to happen, and so we will help people adjust,” he said.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A third subdivision of the Coalition, its media committee, is providing yet another means of communication between homosexuals here—the printed word—in the form of a newspaper called the New Orleans Causeway.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;“Hopefully, job placement and housing services will also eventually be provided by the Coalition,” Baril said. He judged these problems “serious” in this city. “I know of persons who’ve lost or haven’t gotten jobs because they’re gay,” he said.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Also, he added, “It’s quite difficult for a gay couple to get housing here.” Such problems were recently presented to the city’s Human Relations Committee by the Coalition. The Committee responded by setting up a task force to investigate.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A Coalition spokesman urged the HRC to “get people to see that homosexuals are not just freaks they see on the street but people they work with and respect.” If adopted, this policy would be a far cry from city policy of 15 years ago.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In 1958, councilmen, civic leaders and police officers conferred at City Hall on the best method of reducing homosexuals in the French Quarter. Participants expressed a need for “a drive against the deviates.”     &lt;/p&gt;</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;FIRE!  BY MIKE NEWTON&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;S&lt;/strong&gt;irens roaring past my home in the early hours of the morning woke me up. Usually, I never even noticed them.  This time though, it seemed like they just kept on passing, one after the other&amp;gt; Probably a false alarm as usual, I thought to myself, turned over and fell asleep once again, my head buried in the pillow to try and drown out their screams.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The next morning a friend called me at work and asked if I’d heard about the big fire at Tiffiny’s, it was then I remembered the sirens from the night before, and realized now where the fire engines had been destined.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Early that same evening I walked over to the building where the bar-restaurant had been located and stood the, stunned, as I surveyed the damage.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Seeing the seven-story apartment building with its gutted windows, the walls charred and blackened from the smoke and fired damage, boarded up windows where once hung live plants, reminded me of an article I’d spent many angry hours writing and re-writing back in June last year.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I’d never submitted the story and now I was suddenly sorry that I’d not done so. In much the same complacency as I’d put the sounds of the sirens out of my mind, I had let my anger subside burying it in the pillows of my mind to file and forget&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Tiffany’s was the result of an investment by two gay women in our community, to offer a place for the rest of us to at, morning, afternoon, and evening. In the very popular contemporary style of the day, the&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;restaurant and bar was decorated with much wood, brick,  and a good deal of plant life. Lighting was very soft, making the restaurant comfortable and intimate, through the windows surrounding two sides of the restaurant one could watch the busy stream of traffic passing by on Market Street.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Exactly how the fire began, I don’t know – it may have been accidental or it might have been arson – I don’t really know and I don’t really care, That it happened at all is what bothers me. The bar-restaurant must have been consumed as quickly s the logs were being thrown into fireplaces around the City, the cold past few days,&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The apartments upstairs of the restaurant fell victim to the flames as well. All that hour of the morning the panic in those living quarters must have been unbelievable. With smoke filling the halls and flames leaping up through the floors, the people must have fled leaving their dearest possessions to perish in flames, but the panic…the panic!&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;And then I thought of New Orleans, June, 1973 and remembered a photograph.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;He was just another human being on this planet – but no, actually he was a gay brother, (as were almost all of them), and that made me feel a bond existed between us. We shared some of the oppressive repression common to us all. He was rapped, his body, half in –half out of the window, one arm extended, reaching out to escape the terror of those frightening moments of his earthly existence as the heat, smoke and flames, took him from us.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;With a group of friends, he had come here following services at the local M.C.C. to socialize – here to this Godawful firetrap that had, in some strange way, passed inspection by the local fire department.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I continued staring at the now-boarded-up windows, and I thought about the photograph again, and wondered –&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Will it will happen again – and if it does, how many of my gay brothers and sisters will sacrifice their lives?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;No different from other cities in the United States, San Francisco’s gay meeting places - the bars, baths, and restaurants – vary from the other only by their décor and clientele - elegant to grand funk. Saturday nights, the most sociable night of the week, some of these places are filled wall to wall with bodies, the atmosphere friendly, the hum of the voices drowned out by an often over-loud juke box.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;“Fire!” someone shouts. The extent, the source of which, the reality, is never questioned, those nearest to   this modern-day Paul Revere shouting his ominous message, quickly look about for the nearest exit, and discover, much to their horror, that there seems to be only one – and it located at the opposite end of the bar, at the other side of the sea of bodies. They begin to push their way past the bodies surrounding the, heading for the doorway.  The other customers something is wrong and they too, panic. Now everyone is headed for the one door out – and there is no displacement. Everyone has replaced courtesy with panic as they climb over a pool table here, a fallen bar stool there, pinning one another to pillars and partitions that had somehow hitherto gone unnoticed.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The smell of smoke begins to fill the atmosphere, and now, for the first time, flames can be seen climbing up the far wall. The wall had been covered with posters, and they too catch flame, igniting the numerous bits of decorative bric-a-brac hanging from the ceiling. Flames race across the ceiling and bits and pieces fall in flames down on the heads of the struggling patrons, all headed for the exit of this now suddenly not-so-fun place.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The bartenders scream, “Don’t panic! Don’t panic!” to no avail, as customers pin themselves at the exit. The set of double-doors, one of which is locked into place, allows only two people out at a time, and no- one thinks to back away so the other door can be unlocked. Nobody has thought to call the fire department or use the extinguisher that hang on the wall, When the fire department finally does arrive, the scene ain’t pretty.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Who’s to blame? We think to ourselves it might’ve happened anywhere. That it is a gay bar makes it no different than any other, but that the victims were our brothers or sisters suddenly brings us a lot closer to the situation.  Like lemmings headed to the sea, we patronize these bars and restaurants, the baths; some of hem out and out firetraps. The owners, absentee landlords sometimes, other conglomerates who have never even seen the property they own, are to blame as much as the  customers who support them. The managers are all too often more concerned with the sound of the cash register than the potential sound of sirens.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;But it isn’t my intention to point fingers – I could probably do that all day. In San Francisco, at least one of the baths, one church, and several bars had fires in 1973. (One of these bars had not one, but three fires one each on a separate occasion!) Fortunately, in none of these instances, was anyone injured.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Whether it’s arson, or accident, we cannot afford tragedies of this sort. The economic loss (even though businesses are insured) and the potential loss of life is a situation we must prevent.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I’ve thought often about many of the places I myself patronize, and how unsafe some of them appear to be. Fire doors, both of which are unlocked and within easy reach by patrons, fire extinguishers or an overhead sprinkler system, unblocked passage through the bar (unhindered by cute dividing partitions), pool tables, wall and ceiling uncovered with flammable materials, decorations or bric-a-brac, well-indicated exits –all things I’ve been looking out for, but see all too seldom.  There is only one bar I know of that has almost all of these safety requirements. For the most part it takes just a little common sense on the part of management to acquire them. In some cases, simply cleaning up the bar would do the job.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Would you believe that in one bath I saw an exit door nailed shut? In a restaurant, enough candles and wood and fabric hanging all over the place to create human oven in just a few seconds. In a bar a lock and a chain preventing egress through a fire exit. It doesn’t require an inspection by the fire department to clean our own houses.  Simply  common sense.  Even more necessary these days though because of the numbers of not-too-well-balanced sick cookies roaming about playing God with matches and gasoline.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;And tomorrow, after they’ve read this, the manager and owners of those unsafe bars, bath, and restaurants will hate me for bringing something like this out into the open. Whether they do anything about it remains to be seen.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The day after that, everyone will have forgotten this article.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;And me - standing there looking at the boarded up windows of what once was Tiffiny’s and thinking about that photograph in the Advocate – I’m afraid, for all of us.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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