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                <text> Henry Kubicki, an early member of MCC New Orleans, has recorded his recollections and impressions of this affair, along with an account of the subsequent history of the MCC congregation.</text>
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                <text>Cecil Heath and Mary Holden from the Friends Temperance and Moral Welfare Union discussed strategies for addressing homosexuality at the Yearly Meeting. Committee agreed to hold a one-day conference in June with selected guests and to publish a letter in The Friend. Also proposed title "Towards a Quaker View of Sex." </text>
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                <text>Committee agreed to produce a lengthy informative pamphlet, a first draft to be reviewed at the June conference. Group reviewed agenda for the conference as well as whom to invite. Draft of letter to The Friend circulated for comments.</text>
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                <text>Only five members at this meeting. Discussed  feedback from some participants in the 10 June Conference. Received letter from Eric Baker of the Study-in-Fellowship Committee suggesting cooperation in developing study materials.  Discussed draft of report. </text>
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                <text>Group spent most of the meeting reviewing and revising the draft of the pamphlet. Responded to request for speaker from the Essex and Suffolk Quarterly Meeting. Anna Bidder urged group to be strong in its resolve as she departed for extended time abroad. Duncan Fairn replaced her as chair.</text>
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                <text>Group spent most of this meeting reviewing amended sections of the draft report.  Kenneth Barnes brought an invitation for a television appearance which the group decided to postpone until after the report is published. </text>
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                <text>Most of meeting devoted to amending sections of the report and assigning members to revise sections for the next meeting. Keith Wedmore reported on financial underwriting for the group's work.</text>
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                <text>Keith Wedmore sent letter to the Joseph Rowntree Trust outlining the nature and composition of the Quaker Committee on Homosexuality and requesting £100 funding to help cover the group's expenses for one year.</text>
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                <text>Letters between Keith Wedmore, Lotte Rosenberg and Eric Cleaver of the Trust (March-May 1960) confirming £100 in funding and arranging for the Friends Temperance &amp; Moral Welfare Union to serve as the fiscal agent.</text>
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              <text>Young Quaker&#13;
A Young Friends Monthly Journal&#13;
December 1960&#13;
&#13;
Towards a Quaker View of Sex&#13;
&#13;
Origin of concern: in 1955 it became known that in one active Young Friends' group there were a number who were concerned, for one reason or another, with sexual and particularly homosexual problems. They were in the highly unusual position in having sufficient confidence in the older Friends in the Meeting to share the problem with them; and received, in the end, much help. But several things became obvious: one, that there were far more Young Friends anxious about sexual problems, especially the less orthodox ones, than older Friends realised; two, that practically never was the ordinary machinery of Eldership and Oversight fit to deal, or even being asked to deal, with these problems; and principally that sexual enlightenment has yet to come where many are concerned, and that there is a need for research into sexual problems; and--it was honestly felt--a review of the Christian attitude to sexual problems and sexual morals.&#13;
&#13;
Quaker Group on Homosexuality and other problems of sex: In 1957 there began to meet a group of Friends who, for one reason or another, felt that the time had some for a fresh search for the Quaker view of sex. The group was as follows: Anna Bidder (Cambridge lecturer in Zoology), Chairman; Lotte Rosenberg (consultant psychiatrist), Secretary; Duncan Fairn (Director of the Prison Commission); Mervyn Parry (Headmaster); Kenneth Nicholson (Headmaster of a Friends School); Alastair Heron (Industrial Psychologist); Kenneth Barnes (Headmaster); Alfred Torrie (Consultant Psychiatrist); to these were later added Keith Wedmore (Barrister); Richard Fox (Consultant Psychiatrist); and Joyce James (Marriage and Parenthood Committee).&#13;
&#13;
The Group has met a frequent intervals ever since 1957; has head evidence from and consulted with many Friends Groups; has written a preliminary article (The Friend, May 20th), and held a one-day conference for invited Friends (In June, at Hampstead  Meeting House). At the moment the group is working on a pamphlet for the Friends Home Service Committee.&#13;
&#13;
The chapter headings of this pamphlet may give some idea of its contents:--&#13;
1. Introduction; 2. Heterosexuality; 3. Heterosexual Problems; 4. Masturbation; 5. Homosexuality; 6. Perversions; 7. Causation (of sexual problems); 8. Homosexuality and the Law; 9. Towards a Quaker view of Sex (i.e., Morals); 10. How can help be given; 11. Summary.&#13;
 &#13;
Our future work must much depend on the reaction of Friends to this pamphlet. If it is encouraging, the Group might enlarge its activities. There is a need for a more comprehensive programme of research, both scientific and moral. This, however, will be both slow and expensive; and is beyond the resources of the Group in its present form.&#13;
&#13;
Towards a Quaker View of Sex: We have asked ourselves: what do we really think wrong, and why? What are the essentials of a Christian relationship? Is "sin" to be inferred from sexual acts, or must one know the inner content of a relationship before one can assess its moral worth?&#13;
&#13;
It proved impossible to consider homosexual problems in isolation, as it was increasingly felt that the criteria for judging all relationships are the same; and the group has also been compelled, of necessity, into a sweeping view of the sexual activities and morals of the modern world; and into a far wider "agonised reappraisal" of the traditional view of sex than it had intended. We have been forced to spend much time in trying to ascertain simply what are the sexual facts of life (as to which we found that even such a specialist body needed a great deal more information) in order to go further, or to consider Christian morals. (In this, as in other spheres, it is no good arriving at a conclusion until one knows all the relevant facts. The group has been horrified to discover how difficult it is to point to any reliable way of discovering them.)&#13;
&#13;
It would be unwise to anticipate the group's tentative conclusions until publication of the HSC pamphlet. But of this there is no doubt, that the Group now feel, more than when they began, that these problems are most serious; and that Pauline theology does not offer the modern world the equipment to answer them. Here is a problem too large for any one group--the redefinition of sin; and the answer to the question, "what is love?"&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
West Byfleet                                   Keith Wedmore&#13;
&#13;
The author of this article would like to emphasize that the account here given of the group's activities is entirely his own and does not necessarily reflect the views of the Group as such; and that the Group regrets that it cannot undertake to provide help form, or enter into correspondence on, personal problems at this time. Representations or suggestions (or, of course, offers of assistance) will naturally be forwarded.</text>
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              <text>Young Friends Central Committee&#13;
Young Quaker&#13;
16-8-1960&#13;
&#13;
Dear Keith Wedmore,&#13;
&#13;
Wanting a follow-up article of that on "Towards a Quaker View of Sex" in The Friend. It wrote to Mary Rowntree as one involved with this at an early stage, and she suggested that I ask you for an article, as you were on the committee which made the report. What I am particularly interested to know is the future work of the committee, and anything useful which has been obtained on a practical level, though I gather that the main purpose of the committee was simply to draw the attention of Friends to the problem.&#13;
&#13;
I should be very grateful if you could give us a personal account and opinion of the work in which you have been involved. I do know know enough to direct the article towards a particular slant, or to suggest the just boundaries of words and compass. So I leave you free as to the length and plan of the article. But I shall be very grateful if you could produce one for us, as this is a new venture about which we ought to know more.&#13;
&#13;
Yours sincerely,&#13;
Michael J. Tolley&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
Michael Tolley&#13;
9, Warner Road,&#13;
Pogmoor,&#13;
Barnsley, Yorks.&#13;
20th August, 1960&#13;
&#13;
Dear Michael Tolley,&#13;
&#13;
I shall be glad to let you have an article, although not at once, as I am away on holiday; I will let you have something within three weeks.&#13;
&#13;
You will appreciate that the Committee was particularly interested in homosexuality, although it found it necessary to deal with sexual problems generally and I shall, therefore, do the same in whatever I send you.&#13;
&#13;
Yours&#13;
&#13;
sent 3/11/60  KW&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
17th October 1960&#13;
&#13;
Dear Michael Tolley,&#13;
&#13;
I am sorry for the delay in dealing with your article; you will have it within two weeks positively!&#13;
&#13;
Yours sincerely,&#13;
&#13;
Michael Tolley&#13;
9, Warner Road&#13;
Pogmoor&#13;
Barnsley,&#13;
Yorks.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
Young Friends Central Committee&#13;
Young Quaker&#13;
14-11-1960&#13;
&#13;
Dear Keith Wedmore,&#13;
&#13;
Many thanks for your excellent and informative article, which I am glad to say is just what I wanted. The article will appear as soon as I can fit it in; I cannot problem when, as there are a great many articles etc to cope with, but I shall arrange for 3 copies to be sent you when the issue appears.&#13;
&#13;
Mary Rowntree, apparently, was only engaged  in an early discussion group or something, and was not on the committee at any time.&#13;
&#13;
Thank you again!  It is a pleasure to edit work which is so splendidly presented in triple-spaced type.&#13;
&#13;
Yours ever,&#13;
Michael J. Tolley&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
14th November 1960&#13;
&#13;
Dear Michael Tolley,&#13;
&#13;
With reference to the article I sent you some two weeks ago, could you be to find as to let me know whether you received it, it is suitable for your purpose, and that you will be able to let me have three copies of the issue in which it appears?&#13;
&#13;
Yours sincerely,&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
Michael Tolley,&#13;
9 Warner Road,&#13;
Pogmoor,&#13;
Barnsley,&#13;
Yorks.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
Young Friends Central Committee&#13;
Young Quaker&#13;
18-11-1960&#13;
&#13;
Dear Keith Wedmore,&#13;
&#13;
As I sent my letter to you on the same day as you wrote to me, I trust that you have now received the answer to your three questions, which are (a) Yes, I have received it, (b) the article is most suitable, and I'm very grateful for it, (c) I shall make arrangements to let you have  three copies of the issue in which the article appears.&#13;
&#13;
I am very sorry that I kept you waiting so long for a reply; my only defence can be that (a) I have a lot of correspondence to deal with; (b) I was away for five days. I shall endeavor to be more efficient (and courteous) in future.&#13;
&#13;
I hope my negligence does not too much mar my gratitude for what you have so well done.&#13;
&#13;
Yours sincerely,&#13;
Michael J. Tolley&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
20th November, 1960&#13;
&#13;
Dear Michael Tolley,&#13;
&#13;
Don't fret, I was quite happy with your last letter which I took as being the answer to mine. You were not in the least discourteous.&#13;
&#13;
Your sincerely,</text>
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              <text>August, 1960&#13;
&#13;
Dear George,&#13;
&#13;
I have read Keith Wedmore's draft outline on the legal aspects of homosexuality. I assume that this is to be part of a larger pamphlet, but as I haven't any idea what the other sections are to be I find it hard to make any comments on this draft which are intelligent. Nor with the limited time I have can I marshall my views as systematically as I would like.  But here are a few immediate reactions.&#13;
&#13;
1. Is there not a strong case for getting as many as possible of the undisputed facts out of the way before starting on any argument?  I would like to see a pamphlet tackling the subject (very roughly) in this order:--&#13;
a. What is homosexuality?  i.e. an elaboration of para 1 of this draft.&#13;
b. What is its incidence?&#13;
c. That are the medical/psychological facts?&#13;
d. What is the legal position in England?&#13;
e. What is the 'climate of opinion" and theological background to the legal position?&#13;
f. What is the case for a change in the law?&#13;
g. What are the pastoral and personal problems which remain, law or no law?&#13;
&#13;
2. In general I agree with most of the argument of this draft, but quite clearly not all readers will, and I would prefer the (to me) delightful reference to St. Paul's sociology to come in after the statement of facts. And I would prefer a fuller statement to the views of other Christian bodies now to the Gibbon quotation, which hardly seems pertinent in a short pamphlet.&#13;
&#13;
3. The actual statement of the law on pp.l 3-6 seems to me admirable and might usefully end 2 lines from the bottom of p. 6. I would again doubt if it were necessary to quote Hansard at such length over the Labouchere clause.  I am glad the fact that homosexuality and sodomy are not interchangeable words is stressed because it seems to be believed by a lot of people who ought to know better (I always thought it was a pity that the Bidder Cttee used rather than squashing Fairn's use of QCB which seems to me just the sort of jocularity which gives the impression that people are not treating the subject seriously.) Ought not the first sentence on the subject to make it clear that sodomy and buggery are interchangeable words? (I suppose they are, but perhaps I am too innocent?). &#13;
&#13;
4. The latter part of the section 'The law in England' seems to me to belong to (f) and to follow naturally on the doubts cast on St. Paul's sociology. I would prefer a more chronological attack, beginning with the recommendations of the Wolfenden Committee and then going on to look at the debate of 29 June 1960 (not, please to be referred to as 'in the recent debate' which is quite unidentifiable.) and then to the text-book classification of crimes. In the last para, 3 lines from the end, after 'higher age of consent' the phrase '(e.g. 21, as recommended by the Wolfenden Committee)' would be useful.&#13;
&#13;
5. Some of my comments in the last 3 sections apply even if my comments on the general shape of the pamphlet are out of order. Even if the main shape of this section remains as it is it is quite clear to me that the last sub-section "How can help be given?' cannot remain as part of it. By no stretch of the imagination can it come under 'Legal aspects' and as a comment on pastoral, medical and psychological care I think it is inadequate, though much of it is on the right lines. I could comment a good deal more fully, but I think it is probably silly to do without seeing the draft of the rest of the pamphlet.&#13;
&#13;
Re-reading this, it looks fairly critical, but I think the draft is a good job and on the right lines and therefore worth being critical about. If I hadn't liked it i shouldn't have felt it worth commenting on. I don't know the author at all, but if you think we wouldn't think it a breach of confidence for you to show his effort to one of your less reputable friends, and it you think he can swallow having my comments inflicted on him, then you are at liberty to pass this on.  I therefore prefer (if I may) to sign myself simply and in typescript,  XX&#13;
&#13;
There are a vast number of points of punctuation and capitalization which are odd: doubtless the result of your staff getting so fascinated by the subject that they forget that acts of parliament generally have capitals (page 8 line 6) and that Jews are often happier thus (page 1 line 7). On the other hand I should have thought that if you were going to capitalize sodomy you should the same for gross indecency and indecent assault, and before you know where you are it will look like a Victorian Pamphlet, which was precisely (I thought) what the Bidder Committee was out to avoid...&#13;
&#13;
I have already pointed out to you once (with carefully checked references) that the fireside-happening quotation is attributed to someone else by Duncan Fairn in his Swarthmore Lecture--I've mislaid my copy, but it's a page or two from the end I think. You cannot have two members of the Bidder Committee attributing the same quotation to two persons: misquoting and misattributing is an Unnatural Vice.</text>
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                <text>Anonymous Letter, August 1960</text>
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                <text>Keith Wedmore Papers</text>
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                <text>A colleague of George Gorman, of the Friends Home Service Committee, sent an anonymous letter with comments on draft copy he had seen.</text>
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